Imashini nini zo gushushanya (>500T): Ni ngombwa gukoresha roboti za Servo zifite umurongo wa gatanu

Kinini Imashini yo Gutera Inshinges (>500T): Ni ngombwa gukoresha roboti za Servo zifite umurongo wa gatanu

Mu gihe inganda zikora ibikoresho byo gushushanya ku rwego rw'isi zikoresha imbaraga zidasanzwe zizamuka zigatanga umusaruro mu buryo bw'ubwenge kandi bunini, imashini nini zikora ibikoresho byo gushushanya zifite imbaraga za 500T no hejuru yazo zabaye ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu gukora ibikoresho nk'ibice by'imodoka, ibikoresho binini byo gushushanya, n'ibicuruzwa bya pulasitiki byo mu nganda. Guhitamo ibikoresho byikora mu buryo bwikora bihuza n'ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa n'izi mashini bigena neza umusaruro, umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa, n'ikiguzi cy'imikorere muri rusange. Mu gihe bitatu-Roboti zo mu bwoko bwa Axis ishobora guhaza ibikenewe by'ibanze mu gutunganya ibice, mu buryo buhanitse, bunoze kandi bugoye bw'imashini nini zikora inshinge,robots za servo zifite umurongo wa gatanu Byahindutse imiterere y'ibanze idasimburwa. Ibyiza byabyo mu koroherana mu ngendo, kwihutisha imikorere, no kongera ubushobozi bituma biba amahitamo y'ingenzi yo kugera ku kuvugurura imikorere mu gukora imashini nini.

I. Imiterere y'umusaruro w'imashini nini zikora inshinge igena imbogamizi z'umurongo mugari w'impande eshatu Ukuboko kwa Robotics

Uburyo imashini nini zikora ibikoresho byo gushushanya (500T no hejuru yayo) zikora butandukanye cyane n’imashini nto n’iziciriritse: ibikoresho bikozwe mu buryo bwo gushushanya ahanini ni ibice binini kandi biremereye bya pulasitiki; imiterere y’ibikoresho byo gushushanya ni ingenzi kandi akenshi biba birimo ibikoresho byo gushyiramo, kwandika mu buryo bwo gushushanya, n’izindi nzira; igihe cyo gukora ibintu ni kinini, kandi hari amahame akomeye yo kugenzura neza aho ibicuruzwa biherereye no kugenzura uko bihagaze. Ariko, amaboko ya robotike ya servo afite umurongo wa gatatu afite ubushobozi bwo kugenda bwa X/Y/Z gusa, hamwe n’ubushobozi bwo gusubiramo bwa ± 0.1 ~ ± 0.2mm gusa. Ashobora gukora ibikorwa byoroshye byo gutora no gusohora ibikoresho, agaragaza imbogamizi ikomeye mu bijyanye no gukora ibikoresho binini byo gushushanya ibikoresho.

Imiterere y'Ingendo Iciriritse, Idahuye n'Ibikoresho Bigoye n'Impinduka z'Ibintu: Ibikoresho binini byakozwe mu inshinge akenshi bisaba guhindurwa kw'inguni, guhindurwa, cyangwa guhuza neza n'intambwe zikurikiraho nyuma yo gusenyuka. Roboti zifite umurongo wa gatatu, zidafite umurongo uzunguruka, zishobora kugenda mu nzira zihamye gusa, ntizishobora kugera ku mpinduka nyinshi ku bice bya pulasitiki. Ibi bituma ibicuruzwa bigongana n'ibikoresho n'imigozi, bigatera gushwanyagurika ku bice bya pulasitiki cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibikoresho. Ibi ni ikibazo cyane cyane ku bice binini bya pulasitiki bidafite imiterere ikwiye, bigabanya cyane imikorere myiza n'umutekano w'ibice.

Uburyo bwo guhuza ibintu butari bwiza, bigorana gukora ibikorwa byo gukora ibintu bivanze: Gutunganya ibikoresho binini byo gushushanya (500T no hejuru) akenshi biba birimo ibikorwa bivanze nko gushyira ibikoresho mu ibumba, kwandika ibikoresho mu ibumba, gutandukanya ibikoresho mu buryo bwikora, no kohereza ibikoresho mu buryo bwinshi. Roboti zifite umurongo wa gatatu zishobora gukora ibikorwa by'ibanze byo gutora no gushyira ibikoresho mu ibumba gusa kandi ntizishobora guhuza ibikoresho n'ibumba kugira ngo zigere ku ibumba neza cyangwa gutandukanya igice cya pulasitiki na sprue icyarimwe. Hakenewe ubundi buryo bwo gukora n'intoki, byongera ikiguzi cy'abakozi kandi bikagabanya umusaruro uhamye bitewe n'uko imikorere y'intoki idasobanutse neza.

Ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara no gukoresha neza ntibihagije bituma ibice binini bya pulasitiki bidakora neza. Ibicuruzwa binini byakozwe mu buryo bwa "injection" bishobora gupima ibiro byinshi cyangwa ibiro icumi, bigasaba cyane ubushobozi bwo gutwara no kudahungabana kw'imikorere y'amaboko ya roboti. Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho nk'amabampara y'imodoka n'ibikoresho binini bifite ibisabwa bikomeye byo gukoresha neza imiterere. Uburyo bwo gukora neza no kudahindagurika kw'amaboko ya roboti afite umurongo wa gatatu ntibihagije kugira ngo birinde guhindagurika kw'aho ibintu biherereye mu gihe cyo gukora ibice, bigatera amakosa mu buryo bworoshye no kugira inenge ku buso.

II. Ibyiza by'ingenzi by'amaboko ya roboti ya servo afite umurongo mugari itanu: bihuye neza n'ibyo imashini nini zikora zikoresheje inshinge zikenera mu gukora.

Ishingiye ku mikorere y’umurongo wa X/Y/Z ifite umurongo wa gatatu, amaboko ya roboti ya servo afite umurongo wa gatanu yongeraho imishumi ibiri izunguruka (A-axis kuzenguruka Z-axis na B-axis kuzenguruka X-axis), bigatuma habaho imigendekere ihuza umurongo wa linear + rotary. Gusubiramo birushaho kuba byiza kugeza kuri ± 0.05 ~ ± 0.1mm. Iyo ihujwe n’umubiri ukomeye cyane na sisitemu yo gutwara servo neza, ihura neza n’imiterere y’imashini nini zikora inshinge (500T no hejuru yayo) mu bijyanye no koroherana mu mikorere, kwihuza n’imikorere, no kugenzura neza, bityo ikaba igisubizo cyiza cyo gukora imashini nini zikora inshinge.

1. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gukuraho ibice binini bya pulasitiki mu buryo bwizewe kandi bunoze: Roboti ya servo ifite imiterere ibiri y’umurongo uzunguruka, ituma izunguruka ± 180° na ± 90° ihengamye. Ishobora guhindura inguni yo gukuraho hakurikijwe imiterere y’ibibumba binini, ikarinda byoroshye inzitizi nko gukurura ibibumba n’amarembo y’umutekano, kandi ikarangiza ibikorwa bigoye byo gukuraho nk’ingendo zigoranye n’izishingiye ku ruhande. Ibi bikemura burundu ikibazo cyo guhindura imiterere y’ibibumba binini bya pulasitiki nyuma yo gusenyuka. Mu gihe kimwe, inzira yayo yo kugenda ishobora gutegurwa ku buryo bworoshye, bigatuma habaho kugenzura neza umuvuduko wo gukuraho n’aho iherereye, ikarinda kugongana hagati y’igice cya pulasitiki n’ibikoresho, ikarushaho kunoza umutekano wo gukuraho no kugabanya igipimo cy’ibisigazwa by’ibicuruzwa.

2. Ubushobozi bwo gukora neza cyane no gutwara neza kugira ngo bihuze n'ubwiza n'imikorere myiza y'ibice binini bya pulasitiki: Yagenewe gukora neza ku bikoresho byinshi byo gukora imashini zikora inshinge zirengeje 500T, robot ya servo y'umwuga ifite umurongo wa gatanu ikoresha icyuma gikomeye n'igishushanyo mbonera cy'inzira y'umuhanda iyobora neza. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara neza buhura n'ibikenewe mu gukuraho ibice binini bya pulasitiki. Iyo ihujwe na moteri ya AC servo na planetary reducer, igaragaza gutigita guke no kudahungabana cyane mu gihe cyo gukora, ikarinda ko ibikoresho bitagenda neza cyangwa ngo ibice bya pulasitiki binyeganyege bitewe n'umutwaro mwinshi. Hagati aho, ubushobozi bwo gusubiramo bwa ± 0.05 ~ ± 0.1mm bugenzura neza aho ibice bya pulasitiki bishyirwa no gukurwaho, buhura neza n'ibisabwa mu buryo bungana n'uburyo ibice binini bya pulasitiki bishyirwa kandi bugatuma ibicuruzwa bihora bihindagurika.

3. Guhindura inzira mu buryo bwuzuye, kugera ku musaruro wikora mu buryo bwikora wo gufunga kugira ngo habeho imashini nini zo gushoramo inshinge. Roboti ya servo ifite umurongo wa gatanu ishobora kurangiza ibikorwa byikora byikora nko gutoranya ibice, guhindura imiterere, gushyiramo imashini, gutandukanya imashini, gushyiramo imashini mu buryo bwikora, no kohereza imashini nyinshi, nta muntu ubifashijemo, ihuza neza n'ibisabwa mu buryo bugoye bwo gukora imashini nini zo gushoramo inshinge. Urugero, mu gukora imashini zo gushoramo inshinge mu modoka, roboti ishobora guca imashini mu buryo bwikora mu gihe ifata igice, hanyuma igahindura neza igice cya pulasitiki ikakijyana ku biro by'igenzura; mu gukora imashini nini zo mu rugo, ishobora gushyiramo imashini neza kandi ikabishyira mu buryo bwikora mu imashini, bigagabanya cyane imikorere no kunoza imikorere.

4. Guhuza no kwagura ubuhanga bukomeye, bihuye n'inyubako y'imirongo y'umusaruro w'ubwenge
Roboti ya servo ifite umurongo wa gatanu ifite sisitemu ikora neza yo gutwara no kugenzura, ituma habaho guhuza byimbitse n'imashini nini zo gushushanya, imikandara yo kohereza ibicuruzwa, ibikoresho byo gupima, na sisitemu za MES. Ifasha kwibuka amakuru arenga 100 y'ibibumbano, yoroshya imikorere yo guhindura ibibumbano kandi ikagabanya cyane igihe cyo guhindura. Muri icyo gihe, ibi bikoresho bibika ahantu henshi ho hanze, bihuza byoroshye n'ibikoresho byikora, gupakira, n'ibindi bikoresho kugira ngo hubakwe umurongo wuzuye w'ibikorwa kuva ku gushushanya kugeza ku gutanga ibicuruzwa byarangiye, bihuye n'icyerekezo cy'isi yose cyo kuvugurura ibintu mu buryo bw'ubwenge muri Industry 4.0.

III. Kongera agaciro k'umusaruro munini w'imashini zikora inshinge hakoreshejwe roboti za Five-Axis Servo: Kugabanya ikiguzi, kunoza imikorere, no kongera ubushobozi

Ku bijyanye n'imikorere y'imashini nini zikora inshinge za 500T no hejuru yazo, roboti za servo zifite umurongo wa gatanu ntabwo ari "ivugurura ry'ibikoresho" gusa, ahubwo ni uburyo bwo kunoza inzira yose yo gukora hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ryikora, bigaha agaciro nyakuri ibigo bitandukanye nko ubushobozi, igiciro, ubwiza, n'imicungire. Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru yatumye biba ingenzi mu gukora inshinge nini.

Ubushobozi bwiyongereyeho hejuru ya 30%, ukwezi k'umusaruro kagabanuka cyane. Ubushobozi bwo gutoranya ibice by'umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe n'imikorere y'ikoranabuhanga ya roboti ya servo ifite imirongo itanu bituma ikora amasaha 24/7, birinda umunaniro n'ihindagurika ry'imikorere rijyanye n'imikorere y'intoki. Igihe cyo gutoranya ibice gishobora kugenzurwa neza hakurikijwe ibyo umusaruro ukeneye, bikagabanya cyane ukwezi k'umusaruro w'imashini. Muri icyo gihe, imikorere yayo idashingiye ku maboko igabanya igihe cyo gutegereza hagati y'ibikorwa. Igenzura ry'imikorere rigaragaza ko iyo ihujwe na roboti ya servo ifite imirongo itanu ku mashini nini ikoresha ingufu za 500T cyangwa zirenga, ubushobozi bushobora kwiyongeraho hejuru ya 30%.

Kugabanuka kw'ikiguzi cy'abakozi n'umubare w'ibicuruzwa bifite inenge, bigeza ku ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho muri rusange. Gutoranya ibice by'ibikoresho binini byakozwe mu nganda n'intoki ntibisaba gusa ababikora b'abahanga ahubwo binagira ingaruka nke ku mikorere no kudakora amakosa, bigatuma abakozi bahenda cyane kandi bagatakaza ikiguzi cy'ibicuruzwa. Imbunda za robotike zifite umurongo wa gatanu zishobora gusimbura abakozi benshi mu kurangiza igikorwa cyose, bigafasha amasosiyete kugabanya ikiguzi cy'abakozi ku kigero kirenga 50%. Muri icyo gihe, kugenzura ingendo zabo neza no gukoresha neza imikorere yabo birinda ibibazo nk'imivurungano n'impinduka mu bice bya pulasitiki biterwa no gukoresha intoki, bigagabanya igipimo cy'impinduka mu bicuruzwa ku kigero kirenga 10%, bigatanga umusaruro uhagije w'ibiciro uhereye ku bakozi no ku bashinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge.

Kunoza umutekano w'umusaruro no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho: Imashini nini zo gushushanya (500T no hejuru) zifite imbaraga nyinshi zo gufata hamwe n'ingano nini z'ibihumyo, bigatera ingaruka zikomeye ku mutekano w'ibice byazo. Gukoresha mu buryo bwikora intwaro za robotike eshanu zikoresha servo robot bikuraho burundu ikibazo cyo kwinjira n'intoki mu gice zikoreramo, birinda impanuka aho zituruka. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha ibice biramba cyane kandi bikomeye, hamwe na sisitemu yo kugenzura irwanya cyane kubangamira, bituma ibikoresho bigabanuka kandi bigasanwa byoroshye, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibikoresho n'igihe bidakora, bigatuma umusaruro ukomeza gukorwa.

Kugera ku musaruro usanzwe no kunoza imikorere myiza y’ibigo: Imikorere ya roboti ya servo ifite umurongo wa gatanu ishobora gushyirwa neza binyuze muri sisitemu. Ibikorwa byose byo gukora bikorwa hakurikijwe uburyo busanzwe, birinda ko ibikorwa by’intoki n’uburyo bwo kubikoresha bihinduka, kandi bigakurikirana neza kandi bigagenzura neza inzira yo gukora. Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho bishobora guhuzwa na sisitemu ya MES kugira ngo bikusanye amakuru y’umusaruro mu gihe nyacyo. Ibigo bishobora gukurikirana kure iterambere ry’umusaruro n’uko ibikoresho bikora, bikongera cyane imikorere myiza y’imicungire y’umusaruro no guhaza ibisabwa mu micungire y’ikoranabuhanga n’iy’ibigo binini bitunganya ibicuruzwa.

IV. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo guhitamo roboti ya Servo ifite umurongo wa gatanu ku mashini nini zikora inshinge

Igihe guhitamo roboti ya servo ifite axis eshanu Ku mashini nini zo gushushanya (500T no hejuru yayo), ni ngombwa gusuzuma ibintu bitanu by'ingenzi hashingiwe ku byo umusaruro ukeneye: ubushobozi bwo gutwara, guhuza imiterere y'imizigo, kugenzura neza, kwizera ikirango, n'ubushobozi bwo gutanga serivisi.

Ubushobozi bw'umutwaro bugomba kuba buhuye n'uburemere bw'ibice binini bya pulasitiki, mu gihe bitanga umutwaro runaka kugira ngo ibikoresho bikomeze gukora neza.
Imiterere y'imashini ikora ihagaze, itambitse, n'imikoreshereze yayo igomba kuba ihuye neza n'ingano y'imashini ikora imashini ikora imashini n'aho ikorera kugira ngo hirindwe ko idashobora gucika cyangwa ngo ipfushe umwanya uhagije.
Shyira imbere ibicuruzwa bifite moteri za AC servo zitumizwa mu mahanga hamwe na precision planetary reducers kugira ngo urebe neza aho biherereye kandi ko imikorere ihamye.
Hitamo ibirango bifite icyemezo mpuzamahanga nka ISO9001 na CE kugira ngo urusheho kugira ireme n'umutekano mu bicuruzwa.
Witondere ubushobozi bw'iki kigo ku isi yose mu gutanga serivisi kugira ngo umenye neza ko gitangira kugurisha ku gihe, ko kigomba kubungabungwa nyuma yo kugurisha, ndetse n'ubufasha mu bya tekiniki ku isi yose.

Umwanzuro
Mu bikorwa hakoreshejwe imashini nini zikora ibikoresho bya 500T no hejuru, gukoresha robots eshanu zikora ibikoresho bya servo ntabwo ari "ibikenewe" gusa, ahubwo ni amahitamo adashobora kwirindwa yo kugera ku musaruro wikora, w’ubwenge, kandi munini. Ibyiza byazo by’ingenzi mu koroherana mu migendekere, kwihuza n’imikorere, no kugenzura neza bitsinda neza imbogamizi za robots eshanu mu musaruro munini w’ibikoresho bya stipe. Mu kugera ku mikorere yuzuye, bifasha amasosiyete kongera ubushobozi, kugabanya ikiguzi, kunoza ubwiza, no kugera ku kuvugurura kabiri mu musaruro no mu ipiganwa muri rusange.

Ku bigo mpuzamahanga bikora imashini zitera inshinge, guhitamo roboti ya servo ifite amashami atanu kandi ikora neza ni ingenzi mu kongera agaciro k'umusaruro w'imashini nini zitera inshinge ndetse n'icyizere cy'ingenzi cyo kubona amahirwe yo guhangana mu nganda mpuzamahanga z'inganda.

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