Gutunganya Pallet y'Ibice by'ikoranabuhanga: Kugereranya neza Roboti zifite umurongo wa gatatu

Gutunganya Pallet y'Ibice bya elegitoroniki: Kugereranya Ingufu za Three-Roboti zo mu bwoko bwa Axis

Mu ruhererekane rw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, pallet z'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga zikora nk'ingenzi mu kubika no gutwara ibice by'ikoranabuhanga. Imikorere myiza, ubwiza, no kudahungabana kw'umusaruro wabyo mu gusya bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku ruhererekane rw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga biri imbere mu nganda. Roboti za servo zifite umurongo wa gatatu, nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi byo gukoresha mu buryo bwikora mu gushushanya inshinge, ni ingenzi mu kunoza imikorere y'imirongo yo gukora inshinge z'ibice bya elegitoroniki. Imiterere itandukanye n'amahame ya tekiniki ya robots zifite umurongo wa gatatu bigaragaza imikorere itandukanye cyane mu miterere yo gushushanya inshinge z'ibice bya elegitoroniki. Guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye ntibishobora kongera ubushobozi bwo gukora gusa, ahubwo binagabanya igihombo cy'umusaruro no kunoza umusaruro w'umusaruro.

Ibisabwa ku mikorere y'ingenzi ya Roboti zifite umurongo wa gatatu mu gushushanya uduce tw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga

Udusanduku tw’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga ahanini tuba dufite inkuta nto, dufite imiterere yihariye, amwe afite imyenge minini n’udupira two gushyiramo. Gutunganya imashini zitera ibyuma bishyiraho ibisabwa bikomeye ku muvuduko wo gufata, uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu neza, no kudahungabana mu mikorere. Ibi bivuga ko robo zifite umurongo mugari utatu zikwiriye iyi ngingo zigomba kuzuza amahame atatu y’ingenzi: Iya mbere, gufata ibintu vuba cyane, guhuza n’uburyo bwo gukora ibishushanyo byihuse. Imashini yo Gutera Inshinge kugabanya igihe cyo gutegereza mu ibumba no kwirinda ko imashini idakora; icya kabiri, gushyira ibintu ku rwego rwa mikoroni, hamwe n'impinduka mu gihe cyo kubikura no kubishyiraho bigenzurwa byibuze kugira ngo hirindwe ko imiterere y'agasanduku ihinduka neza kandi bigagira ingaruka ku gukurura ibice nyuma yaho; icya gatatu, guhagarara neza kw'imitwaro, kuko amwe mu masanduku y'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga akorwa hakoreshejwe imashini zifite uburemere bwinshi bwo gukurura inshuro imwe, bigasaba robo kugumana uburinzi ku muvuduko mwinshi idahungabanye cyangwa ngo ihindukire.

Hagati aho, gukoresha uburyo bwa elegitoroniki mu gushushanya ibice by’imodoka akenshi ni igikorwa cyo gukora cyane kandi gihoraho. Robot zigomba kuba zishoboye gukora amasaha 24/7 kandi zigashobora kwihutisha gukoresha ibikoresho byinshi byo mu bwobo ndetse no guhindura vuba imashini. Ibi bituma imiterere y’imashini, imiterere ya servo system, no kuramba kwayo biba ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ihangane mu mikorere myiza.

Kugereranya neza ubwoko butandukanye bwa robots zifite umurongo wa gatatu mu gushushanya icyuma gikoresha ikoranabuhanga

I. Imiterere: Robot ifite umutwe w'inka ifite umurongo wa gatatu ugereranije na Roboti isanzwe ifite umurongo wa gatatu ugororotse izenguruka mu buryo butambitse

Roboti zifite umurongo wa gatatu n'izisanzwe zifite umurongo wa gatatu zigenda zitambitse ni zo bwoko bubiri bukoreshwa cyane mu gushushanya ibice by'ikoranabuhanga. Itandukaniro rikomeye mu mikorere yazo riri mu muvuduko wazo wo kwiruka, ikoreshwa ry'umwanya, n'ubushobozi bwo gutwara.

Roboti ifite umutwe w’inka eshatu: Ikoresheje imiterere yihariye y’umutwe w’inka, ifite ukuboko gugufi kw’inyundo, gukomera kw’imiterere yayo, no kugabanuka k’ubusa mu gihe cyo kuyikora. Igihe cyayo cyo gukora ubusa gishobora kuba gito cyane kugeza ku masegonda 3.3, kandi igihe cyo kuyikuramo igice mu ibumba gishobora kugera ku masegonda 0.65, bigabanyije cyane igihe cyo kuyikora mu izunguruka rimwe. Ku bijyanye n’ubushobozi bwo kuyitwara, icyuma gifite imiterere myiza cyane cyo mu bwoko bwa 3 cy’umutwe w’inka Igikapu cya Robot Ifite umutwaro ntarengwa wa 50kg, ikwiranye neza n'ibikenewe mu gukusanya ibice by'imashini zikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bumwe. Imiterere yayo yuzuye y'inzira ituma ikora neza ndetse no mu gihe cy'imitwaro iremereye, ikarinda kwangirika cyangwa gushwanyagurika bitewe no kunyeganyega. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'umutwe w'ikimasa yongera umwanya wo gushyiramo ibintu ku kigero kirenga 35%, ihuza n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bifite ingano n'ubuso butandukanye, bigatuma impinduka n'impinduka byoroha.

Robot zisanzwe zikora ingendo eshatu zitambitse: Imiterere yazo ni gakondo, aho zikora ingendo zitagenda neza akenshi ziba amasegonda 4-5, naho mu gihe cyo kuzikuramo ibice mu ibumba zikaba amasegonda 1-2. Igihe cyo kuzikuramo mu ibumba rimwe kiba kirekire kuri 30% ugereranyije n'ubwoko bw'umutwe w'inka. Ubushobozi bwazo bwo kuzitwara bugizwe ahanini na kilogarama 3-15, zikwiriye gusa ibumba nto n'ibumba zikozwe mu buryo bworoheje. Mu gihe cyo kuzikuramo ibice biremereye mu ibumba zifite ibumba nyinshi, ibibazo nko gukurura no gutandukana kw'aho ziherereye bikunze kubaho. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'ingendo zitambitse ifite umwanya muto, isaba ko habaho impinduka z'inyongera ku miterere y'umurongo w'umusaruro iyo ihuye n'ibumba nini, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhindura ibumba buba buke.

Mu gushushanya ibice by'ikoranabuhanga, ubushobozi rusange bwo gukora roboti ifite umutwe w'ubugari butatu buri hejuru ya 40%-50% ugereranyije n'iyo roboti isanzwe ifite umurongo utambitse, kandi umusaruro w'ibicuruzwa ushobora kuba hejuru ya 99.5% buri gihe, mu gihe umusaruro wa roboti isanzwe ifite umurongo utambitse ahanini uri hagati ya 95%-98%, kandi ikunze kugira inenge bitewe no kunyuranya aho iherereye.

II. Gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gutwara no gushyiraho: Roboti yuzuye ya Servo Three-Axis vs Roboti ya Semi-Servo Three-Axis

Sisitemu ya servo ni "ishingiro ry'ingufu" rya roboti ifite umurongo wa gatatu. Itandukaniro riri hagati ya roboti zifite servo yuzuye na roboti zifite servo imwe rigena neza imikorere ya roboti n'uburyo ikora neza mu gushushanya igice cy'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

Roboti yuzuye ya Servo Three-Axis: Impande zose uko ari eshatu zikoreshwa na moteri za AC servo zikora neza cyane, zifatanye n'ibikoresho bigabanya umubumbe neza n'ibinini by'umupira biturutse mu mahanga. Ingufu zo gusubiramo zishobora kugera kuri ± 0.01mm, zihuye neza n'ibisabwa mu gukora neza kw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Umuvuduko w'imikorere yazo ushobora guhindurwa mu buryo bworoshye hakurikijwe uruziga rwo gushushanya, bigatuma habaho guhuza neza n'imashini ikora. Nyuma y'uko imashini ikora imashini irangije gushushanya, ukuboko kwa robo gushobora guhita guhamagara no gufata igice nta gihe. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu yose ya servo ikoresha ingufu nke kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo kumenya amakosa no gufata amajwi y'inkuba, igabanya neza igihe cyo gukora ibikoresho no gukomeza gukora umurongo w'umusaruro.

Robot ifite umurongo wa semi-servo itatu: Umurongo utambitse gusa ni wo ukoresha servo drive, mu gihe imigozi ihagaze n'isohoka ikoreshwa n'umwuka. Uburyo bwo gushyiramo ibintu neza ni ± 0.1mm gusa, bishobora gutera ibibazo nko kugorana kw'imirongo no gushwanyagurika k'ubuso iyo ukoresheje ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho. Umurongo wa pneumatic ugenda buhoro, kandi umuvuduko wawo ukorwa n'umwuka, bigatuma bigorana kugera ku guhuza neza n'imashini ikora inshinge. Igihe cyo gutegereza kiri mu imashini cyiyongeraho isegonda 0.5-1, bigabanya cyane imikorere y'imashini imwe. Byongeye kandi, ibice bya pneumatic birashaza vuba, bisaba ko ibungabungwa kenshi kandi bigatuma igihe cyo gukora gihagarara, bigira ingaruka ku gukomeza kw'umusaruro mwinshi.

Mu gihe kimwe n’ibumba, ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho rusange (OEE) rya roboti ifite umurongo wa gatatu ishobora kugera kuri 90%, mu gihe OEE ya roboti ifite umurongo wa gatatu ni 60%-70% gusa. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cy’ibisigazwa by’ibicuruzwa bya roboti ifite umurongo wa gatatu ni inshuro 3-5 z’ifite umurongo wa gatatu, bigatuma ikiguzi cyo gukora mu gihe kirekire kiri hejuru.

III. Gushyira mu byiciro hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'ukuboko: Robot ifite impande ebyiri z'amaboko atatu ugereranije na Robot ifite impande eshatu z'amaboko abiri

Itandukaniro ry’imiterere hagati ya robots zikoresha ukuboko kumwe n’izikoresha amaboko abiri rigira ingaruka ku miterere y’imikorere n’imiterere ikoreshwa muri robots zifite impande eshatu, bityo bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku musaruro.

Robot ifite impande eshatu n'amaboko abiri: Ikoresheje igishushanyo mbonera cy'amaboko abiri n'amaboko abiri, ifite uburebure bunini bwo gukora, ishobora gukoreshwa n'imashini nini zo gushushanya hamwe n'imashini nini zo gushushanya. Nyuma yo gufata ibice, ishobora gutwara vuba ibicuruzwa mu buryo bwo gutondeka no gukusanya ibintu kure cyane nta kindi gikoresho cyo kubitwara, byoroshya imiterere y'umurongo wo gukora. Uburyo bwo gukora bw'amaboko abiri burushaho kunozwa, bigabanya ingendo zidakora neza kandi birushaho gukanda igihe cy'uruziga rumwe, bigatuma iba nziza mu gukora imashini nini zo gushushanya amasanduku y'amaboko menshi.

Roboti zifite umurongo umwe w’intoki eshatu zifite umurongo muto wo gukora, zikwiriye gusa imashini nto zo gushushanya hamwe n’imashini nto zo gushushanya zikoresha ikoranabuhanga. Ku imashini nini zo gushushanya zikoresha ikoranabuhanga, imashini yo gushushanya igomba guhuzwa neza n’ibigo by’akazi bikurikira, bigatuma imiterere y’umurongo wo gukora ihinduka idakora neza. Uburyo buke bwo kwagura ukuboko kumwe butuma intera ngufi yo gutwara ibicuruzwa nyuma yo gufata ibice, bigasaba imikandara y’inyongera n’ibindi bikoresho, byongera ikiguzi cy’umurongo wo gukora kandi bigatera igihombo cy’igihe bitewe n’intambwe nyinshi zihujwe.

Mu buryo bunini bwo gushushanya ibice binini bya elegitoroniki, robots zifite impande eshatu zifite uburebure bwa 25%-30% zitanga umusaruro mwiza muri rusange kurusha robots zifite ukuboko kumwe. Ariko, mu gukora rots nto, itandukaniro mu mikorere y’imashini imwe ni rito, aho robots zifite ukuboko kumwe zitanga umusaruro mwiza ku giciro bitewe n’imiterere yazo yoroshye kandi zihendutse.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku kunoza imikorere ya robots zifite umurongo mugari (Three-Axis Robots)

Nk’uko igereranya ryavuzwe haruguru ribigaragaza, ubushobozi bwa robots zifite umurongo wa gatatu mu gushushanya ibice by’ikoranabuhanga si ikibazo cyoroshye cyo kwihuta, ahubwo biterwa n’ibintu byinshi birimo imiterere y’inyubako, imiterere ya servo, guhitamo ubwoko bw’ukuboko, no guhuza ibumba. Byongeye kandi, kuramba, koroshya kubungabunga, n’urwego rw’ubwenge bw’ibikoresho nabyo bigira ingaruka ku musaruro mu gihe kirekire.

Sisitemu ya Servo n'Ibice byo Gutwara: Moteri za servo zikora neza cyane, ibigabanya imibumbe, na vis by'umupira ni ingenzi kugira ngo imikorere yihuta kandi ihamye ikore neza. Ibice bike bishobora gutuma habaho guhindagurika kw'imikorere no gushyira ibintu mu mwanya wabyo, bigagabanya imikorere n'umusaruro.

Ubukomezi bw'inyubako n'ibikoresho: Ukuboko kwa roboti, kubatswe mu buryo bukomeye bwa aluminiyumu n'icyuma gikomeye, bigabanya neza urusaku n'ihindagurika ry'ingufu mu gihe cyo gukora, binoza ubudahangarwa bw'ibikoresho, bikongera igihe cyo kubikoresha, kandi bigabanya igihe cyo kuruhuka.

Igenzura ry’ubwenge: Rifite ububiko bw’amakuru y’ibimera, porogaramu zihuse no gukemura ibibazo, hamwe no gukurikirana kure, ukuboko kwa roboti kunoza cyane imikorere myiza yo guhindura ibimera, rihuza n’ibikenewe mu gukora udusanduku tw’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga duto, kandi rigabanya igihe cyo guhindura umurongo.

Serivisi zo gushyigikira no gukosora amakosa: Ubushakashatsi bukorwa aho hantu, gukosora amakosa mu buryo bwihariye, n'amahugurwa y'umwuga atangwa n'umucuruzi w'ibikoresho bishimangira ko ukuboko kwa roboti n'umurongo w'ikoranabuhanga wo gukora injection molding, bikoresha neza inyungu z'imikorere y'ibikoresho kandi birinda igihombo mu mikorere giterwa no gukosora amakosa mu buryo butari bwo.

Inama zo guhitamo Roboti zifite umurongo wa gatatu mu gushushanya inshinge z'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki

Ukurikije imiterere y’umusaruro w’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bikozwe mu gushushanya imashini zikoresha pallet ndetse n’imikorere myiza y’amarobo atandukanye afite umurongo mugari, amasosiyete agomba kubahiriza amahame yo "kubanza guhuza ibintu, kwitabwaho mu buryo bwiza ku giciro, no kuba ingenzi mu gihe kirekire" mu gihe ahitamo robo. By’umwihariko, ingingo zikurikira zishobora kwitabwaho:

Guhitamo hashingiwe ku gipimo cy'umusaruro n'ibipimo by'ibihumyo: Ku ibumba rinini, rifite ubuvumo bwinshi, n'ibumba rinini ry'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, shyira imbere roboti ifite umutwe w'ubugari bwa bull-head full-servo double-arm-three-axis robot kugira ngo yongere imikorere myiza y'ingendo imwe no gukomeza umuvuduko w'umusaruro. Ku ibumba rito, rifite ubuvumo buto, n'ibumba rito, roboti ifite ubuvumo butatu isanzwe ikoreshwa mu ngendo itambitse ishobora gutoranywa kugira ngo igenzure ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho mu gihe igenzura ko ari ukuri.

Ibipimo by'ingenzi by'imikorere bigomba kwitabwaho: Ibande ku bipimo bine by'ingenzi bya robo: ubushobozi bwo gusubiramo, igihe cyo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, umutwaro ntarengwa, n'urwego rwo kurinda. Menya neza ko ari ≤ ± 0.05mm, igihe cyo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ≤ amasegonda 4, umutwaro ujyanye n'ibisabwa mu gucunga ibice by'ibumba bifite ubujyakuzimu bwinshi, n'urwego rwo kurinda rukwiriye ahantu hashyuha cyane kandi huzuye ivumbi mu icupa ry'imashini.

Shyira imbere abatanga serivisi bafite ubushobozi bwo guhindura: Udusanduku tw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga dufite imiterere itandukanye, kandi utusanduku tumwe na tumwe dufite ingano yihariye dukenera ibikoresho byihariye n'inzira z'akazi. Imiterere yihariye y'umutanga serivisi n'ubushobozi bwo gukemura ibibazo biri aho hantu byemeza ko roboti ihura cyane n'ibyo ikeneye mu gukora, hirindwa ibibazo by' "uburemere bwinshi" cyangwa "imikorere idahagije."

Ibande ku giciro cy’ubuzima bwose bw’ibikoresho: Uretse ikiguzi cyo kugura ibikoresho, ikoreshwa ry’ingufu, ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga, n’igihombo cy’igihe cyo kuruhuka nabyo bigomba kwitabwaho. Hitamo robo ifite impande eshatu ikoresha ingufu nke, ikoreshwa byoroshye kuyitunganya, kandi ihagije kugira ngo igabanye ikiguzi cy’umusaruro w’igihe kirekire.

Umwanzuro: Mu gihe inganda zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga zahinduye imikorere yazo, zigakoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, zigakoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gutunganya ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, habayeho impinduka mu buryo bwikora ku buryo butunguranye. Nk'igikoresho cy'ingenzi, imikorere myiza ya robo ifite umurongo wa gatatu igena neza ubushobozi bw'umusaruro. Kuva ku itandukaniro ry'imiterere hagati y'ubwoko bw'imashini zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'izikora ibikoresho byo ku ruhande, kugeza ku itandukaniro ry'imiterere hagati y'ubwoko bw'imashini zikora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'izikora ibikoresho byo ku ruhande, ndetse no ku buryo bwo guhuza ibikoresho byo ku ruhande rumwe n'izikora ibikoresho byo ku ruhande rumwe, buri guhitamo gufitanye isano rya hafi n'ubushobozi bw'umusaruro, umusaruro w'umusaruro, n'igiciro rusange.

Ku bigo bikora imashini zikora imashini, nta roboti "nziza" ifite umurongo wa gatatu, ahubwo ni ibikoresho "bikwiriye cyane". Guhitamo neza roboti ifite umurongo wa gatatu ifite imiterere ihuye, imiterere, n'ubwoko bw'ukuboko, hashingiwe ku bipimo byihariye by'umusaruro w'ikigo, ubushobozi busabwa, n'imiterere y'umurongo w'umusaruro w'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, bishobora kunozwa imikorere n'inyungu. Abatanga ibikoresho byiza ntibatanga roboti zifite umurongo wa gatatu gusa, ahubwo banatanga ubufasha bw'ubuhanga mu bya tekiniki n'ibisubizo byihariye kugira ngo bakore imirongo y'umusaruro ijyanye n'ibyo ikigo gikeneye, bibafasha kubona inyungu ku isoko mu rwego rwo gutunganya ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga.

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