Kugereranya Uburyo Butandukanye bwo Gutwara kuri Roboti za Servo zifite umurongo wa gatatu

Kugereranya Uburyo Butandukanye bwo Gutwara kuri Roboti za Servo zifite umurongo wa gatatu

Mu rwego rw'isi yose rwo kuvugurura ikoranabuhanga mu nganda, robots za servo zifite umurongo wa gatatu Byabaye ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu nganda nko guteranya ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, gutunganya ibice by'imodoka, no gupakira ibiribwa. Guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo gutwara ibikoresho bigena neza umusaruro w'ibikoresho, ikiguzi cyo kubibungabunga, n'inyungu ku gihe cy'ishoramari—guhitamo nabi bishobora gutuma ubushobozi bwo kubitunganya budahagije, gusana kenshi, cyangwa ndetse no gusimbuza ibikoresho imburagihe.

I. Kuki uburyo bwo gutwara ari cyo gipimo cy'ingenzi cyo guhitamo robots za servo zifite umurongo wa gatatu?

Sisitemu yo gutwara ya roboti ya servo ifite imirongo itatu imeze nk' "umutima wayo w'imbaraga," ushinzwe guhindura ingufu za moteri ya servo moteri mu buryo bugororotse cyangwa buzenguruka. Imikorere yayo igira ingaruka ku bintu bitatu by'ingenzi birebana no kugura:

Ikiguzi cy'ishoramari: Ingano iri hagati y'ikiguzi cyo kugura mbere n'ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga gikurikiraho. Urugero, nubwo uburyo bumwe bwo gutwara imodoka bushobora kugira igiciro gito cyo kugura mbere, ikiguzi cyo gusimbuza ibice byangiritse buri mwaka gishobora kwikuba kabiri.

Guhuza n'umusaruro: Niba ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byihariye mu nganda, nko kuba ± 0.01mm ari ngombwa mu gukora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, cyangwa niba inganda z'imodoka zikenera imitwaro irenga 50kg.

Guhuza Ibikoresho ku Isi: Ibikoresho byoherezwa mu mahanga bigomba kuzuza ibisabwa ku isoko ryihariye, nko gukoresha ingufu n'urusaku ku masoko y'i Burayi na Amerika, hamwe n'ibisabwa mu kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushuhe mu masoko yo muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba.

Amakuru aturuka mu Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ry’Amarobo (IFR) mu 2024 agaragaza ko igipimo cy’ibikoresho bidakora neza bitewe no guhitamo nabi uburyo bwo gutwara imodoka cyageze kuri 12%, aho ibi birenga 60% by’ibi byatewe n’amakosa yo guhuza ibikoresho n’abaguzi bagurisha ibicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, kugereranya neza itandukaniro ry’uburyo bwo gutwara imodoka ni ingenzi cyane.

II. Igereranya ryimbitse ry'uburyo bukoreshwa mu gutwara ibintu muri rusange kuri roboti za Servo zifite umurongo wa gatatu

Ku isoko mpuzamahanga, gutwara amashanyarazi ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa cyane mu gutwara amashanyarazi kuri robots za servo zifite umurongo wa gatatu (zirenga 85%), zuzuzwa n'umubare muto wa hydraulic/pneumatic drives ku bikorwa byihariye. Muri electromagnetic drives, imiterere itatu igaragara cyane ni screws z'umupira, imikandara ihuza amashanyarazi, na rack na pinion gears. Itandukaniro ryazo ni iri rikurikira:

(I) Kugereranya Ibipimo bya Tekiniki bya Core Drive Method

(II) Isesengura ry'Ibyiza n'Ibibi by'ingenzi bya Buri Uburyo bwo Gutwara

1. Umupira wo gukurura umupira: "Umuti mwiza cyane" wo kwerekana ahantu hameze neza cyane

Ingufu z'umupira zohereza imbaraga mu kuzunguruka kw'imipira y'icyuma, zigahindura ingendo yo kuzenguruka ya moteri ya servo moteri igenda mu murongo ugororotse. Iki ni cyo gisubizo gikunzwe cyane kuri roboti za servo zifite umurongo ugororotse w'ibice bitatu. Akamaro kayo k'ingenzi kari mu gukurura kwayo gato cyane (

Ariko, abaguzi bagomba kumenya imbogamizi zayo: Screws ndende cyane zirenga metero 2 zishobora kugwa bitewe n'uburemere bwazo, zigasaba uburyo bwo kuzishyigikira ndetse n'ibiciro bikiyongera; kandi umuvuduko ntarengwa ugengwa n'umuvuduko w'ingenzi wa screws (ubusanzwe nturenze metero 2/s), bigatuma idakoreshwa mu gihe cy'umuvuduko mwinshi gusa. Byongeye kandi, ahantu hari ivumbi ryihutisha kwangirika kw'ibyuma, bigasaba ibikoresho by'inyongera nk'ibipfundikizo birinda.

2. Umuyoboro w'umukandara uhuza ibyuma: Igikoresho gihendutse cyo gukoresha umuvuduko mwinshi kandi woroshye

Imashini zikoresha imikandara zikoresha umukandara w’icyuma ukozwe muri polyurethane ufite ibyuma byo kohereza ingufu. Zitanga ibyiza bitatu by’ingenzi: umuvuduko mwinshi, urusaku ruto, n’igiciro gishobora kugenzurwa. Umuvuduko ntarengwa wazo ushobora kugera kuri 5 m/s, inshuro zirenze ebyiri ugereranyije n’imashini zikoresha imikandara, kandi ikiguzi cya mbere cyo kugura ni 30% ~ 50% gusa ugereranyije n’imashini zikoresha imikandara y’umupira ifite imiterere imwe. Ibi bituma ziba nziza cyane mu gukoresha imitwaro yoroheje kandi yihuta cyane nko gutunganya ibiribwa no gufata ibice bya pulasitiki.

Abaguzi mpuzamahanga bagomba kumenya imbogamizi zabo ku buryo bufatika: Imikandara ihuza ibyuma ikunze kugorama bitewe n'ubushyuhe, bigatuma ubushobozi bwo gusubiramo bugera kuri mm ± 0.1 ~ ± 0.3 gusa, ibyo bikaba bidashobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu gutunganya neza. Byongeye kandi, ubushobozi bwo kuyitwara ni buke (ubusanzwe buri munsi ya kg 100), bisaba gusimbuza imikandara kenshi mu mirimo iremereye, bityo ikiguzi cyo kuyisana kikongera igihe kirekire. Ariko, imikandara mishya ihuza ibyuma ikoresheje ibyuma yagenzuye uburyo bwo kuyikoresha ku kigero cya 0.02%, bituma iba uburyo bwiza bwo kuyisimbura mu mirimo imwe n'imwe yo mu rwego rwo hagati.

3. Rack na Pinion Drive: Ikintu cy'ingenzi mu gukoresha stroke nini kandi ikora igihe kirekire

Imashini zitwara imizigo n'izitwara imizigo zikoresha uburyo bwo kuzunguruka kwa vitesi kugira ngo ziyobore umuvuduko w'imashini, bitanga inyungu z'ingenzi zo gutwara imizigo myinshi no gukanda ntarengwa. Umutwaro wayo uremereye ushobora kugera ku biro birenga 1000, kandi mu gushyiramo ibice byinshi bya mashini, umuvuduko urenza metero 10 ushobora kugerwaho, bigatuma biba igisubizo cy'ingenzi ku bintu bikomeye nko gukoresha ibice by'imodoka no gupakira/gupakurura ibikoresho binini bya mashini.

Imbogamizi zikomeye z'iyi sisitemu yo gutwara amenyo ziri mu rusaku no kugenzura neza: kudakora neza bishobora gutera urusaku >75dB iyo vitesi n'umuyoboro wa rack, bigasaba ko hongerwaho igipfukisho kidapfuka amajwi; byongeye kandi, gufunga inyuma bigomba kuvanwaho hakoreshejwe igikoresho gifunga mbere, bitabaye ibyo ubuziranenge buzagabanuka munsi ya ±0.05mm. Ku bw'amahirwe, ibigo by'i Burayi n'Amerika byazamuye ubuziranenge kugeza ku rwego rwa ±0.01mm binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gusya amenyo, nubwo ibi byongera ikiguzi cyo kugura ho 20% ~ 30%.

4. Imiyoboro ya Hydraulic/Pneumatic: "Ibisubizo by'inyongera" ku bintu byihariye

Imashini zitwara amazi zikoresha amazi, zifite ubushobozi bwo guterura ibiro amagana, ziracyakoreshwa mu bihe bikomeye cyane nko gutwika amazi menshi. Ariko, ibyago byo gutakaza amavuta no kwanduzanya, hamwe n'igiciro kinini cya sitasiyo za hydraulic, byatumye zisimburwa buhoro buhoro n'imashini zitwara amazi menshi n'imashini zitwara amazi. Imashini zitwara amazi zikoresha amazi zikoresha amazi menshi, bitewe n'uko zihendutse kandi zikora vuba, ziracyakoreshwa mu mashini nto za pulasitiki, ariko ubushobozi bwazo bwo guterura amazi bungana na ± 0.5mm n'ubushobozi buke bwo gutwara imizigo ntibihagije ku bikoresho byo ku rwego rwa servo.

Raporo yo mu 2024 yakozwe n'Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga ry'Amarobo (IFR) igaragaza ko amarobo y'amazi n'umwuka (hydraulic/pneumatic drives) ubu ari munsi ya 5% by'amarobo ya servo afite umurongo wa gatatu, aho amarobo y'amashanyarazi aba ari yo akoreshwa cyane cyane—cyane cyane uruvange rwa moteri za servo n'uburyo bwo kohereza neza, buhuza uburyo bwo gukora neza no koroha.

III. Intambwe 3 zo Gufata Igisubizo cya Drive Gikwiye

Intambwe ya 1: Gusobanura Ibipimo by'Ishingiro ry'Ibisabwa
Mbere yo gutanga amasoko, hagomba kugaragazwa ibimenyetso bitatu by'ingenzi kugira ngo hirindwe guhitamo mu buryo buhumyi:
Ibisabwa mu buryo buboneye: Gukora ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bisaba ± 0.02mm (ni byiza gukoresha vis z'umupira); inganda zikora ibikoresho byo gupakira zisaba ± 0.5mm (imikandara ihuza ibintu irahagije).

Umutwaro n'Umuvuduko: Ku mutwaro w'umuzunguruko umwe uremereye ibiro > 50kg, hitamo umutwaro n'umuvuduko; ku mutwaro uremereye metero > 3, koresha umukandara n'umuvuduko by'ibanze cyangwa umukandara uhuza (vis z'umupira zisaba inkunga y'inyongera).

Umuvuduko wo Gukora: Ku gihe cy'izunguruka > 120 ku munota, hitamo umukandara uhuza imikorere; ku bikorwa by'umuvuduko muto, hitamo vis y'umupira.

Intambwe ya 2: Guhuza imiterere y'inganda zigamije
Inganda zitandukanye zifite ibisabwa bitandukanye cyane ku buryo bwo gutwara ibintu. Ukurikije imiterere y'isoko mpuzamahanga, uburyo bukurikira bwo guhangana n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere bushobora gukoreshwa nk'icyitegererezo:

Ibyuma by'ikoranabuhanga/Semiconductors (cyane cyane i Burayi na Amerika): Hakenewe ubushishozi bwinshi n'urusaku ruto. Ibyuma by'imipira birasabwa. Guhuza na Delta ASD series servo drives bishobora kugera ku buziranenge bwa ± 0.005mm, byujuje ibisabwa n'uruganda rw'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga byo mu Burayi no muri Amerika.

Ibice by'imodoka (Bihuye n'Isi Yose): Ibisabwa ku mutwaro munini no gusimbuka igihe kirekire ni byo bigaragara. Ibikoresho byo gusimbuza ibyuma n'ibyuma byo gusimbuza ibyuma ni igisubizo cyiza. Ni byiza guhitamo ibyuma byo gusimbuza ibyuma, byahujwe na sisitemu za servo za Siemens V90 kugira ngo birusheho guhagarara neza.

Ibiryo/Gupakira (cyane cyane muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba): Ikiguzi n'umuvuduko birashimangirwa. Imikandara ihuza imikandara itanga igipimo cyiza cy'ikiguzi n'imikorere. Gukoresha ibikoresho bya polyurethane byujuje ibisabwa mu isuku y'inganda z'ibiribwa, kandi uburyo bwo kubibungabunga bujyanye n'ubushobozi bwo kubibungabunga bw'inganda zo muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba.

Intambwe ya 3: Kubara Ikiguzi cy'ubuzima bwose
Amasoko mpuzamahanga agomba gusuzuma ishoramari ry’ibanze ndetse n’imikorere n’ibungabunga ry’igihe kirekire. Hashingiwe ku gihe cy’amasaha 100.000, hakorwa imibare ikurikira:

Imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa Ball Screw: Igiciro cyo kugura mbere kiri hejuru (hafi 20.000 RMB), ariko ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga kiri hasi (500 RMB ku mwaka), igiteranyo cyose kingana na 25.000 RMB.

Umuyoboro w'umukandara uhuza ibyuma: Igiciro gito cyo kugura mbere (hafi 8.000 RMB), ariko bisaba gusimbuza umukandara inshuro 4 (200 RMB buri gihe), igiteranyo cyose kingana na 9.000 RMB.

Gutwara ibikoresho byo mu bwoko bwa Rack na Gear Drive: Igiciro cy’ibanze cyo kugura (hafi 14.000 RMB), gukosora aho ushyiramo meshing bingana na 800 RMB ku mwaka, igiteranyo cyose kingana na 22.000 RMB.

IV. Imiterere mishya mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gutwara ibintu mu 2025

Sisitemu zo Gutwara Ibinyabiziga: Ibinyabiziga bya Hybrid pneumatic na electric birimo kuba ingingo nshya igezweho. Urugero, ibikorwa byo gufata bikoresha ibinyabiziga bya pneumatic (igiciro gito), mu gihe ibikorwa byo gushyira ibintu mu mwanya wabyo bikoresha ibinyabiziga bya synchronous belt (ubuziranenge bwo hejuru), bishobora kugabanya ibiciro ho 30% mu gihe byujuje ibisabwa mu buziranenge bwo hagati.

Gutwara imodoka mu buryo butaziguye nta gikoresho cyo kugabanya: Ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi yihuta cyane moteri za servo Ntibikeneye umusemburo wo kugabanya umuriro kandi bihuzwa neza na vis cyangwa rack na pinion gears, bigabanya igihombo cya mekanike ku kigero cya 50% kandi bikongera igihe cyo kubaho kugeza ku masaha arenga 150.000. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa muri moderi zigezweho n'ibigo nka Stäubli.

Algorithm y’ubuhanga bwo guhindura ibintu: Servo controller yo mu gisekuru cya karindwi ihuza algorithm y’imiyoboro y’ubwonko ihindura imiterere y’imodoka ikoresheje uburyo bwikora hashingiwe ku mpinduka z’umutwaro. Urugero, uruhererekane rwa Doosan Robotics rwa VX rukoresha ubu buryo kugira ngo rugabanye igipimo cyo gutsindwa ku kigero cya 60%, bigatuma iba nziza cyane mu mikorere y’ubwoko bwinshi.

Urubuga:https://www.zhiyirobotics.com/

Imeri:sales@zhiyirobotics.com

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